Current Affairs and GK Weekly One Liners 07th to 13th of October 2024

2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Winners: Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun (jointly)
Discovery: MicroRNA (miRNA) and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.
Key Points:
Their work highlights how gene regulation allows cells to express only the relevant genes, despite having identical DNA.
MicroRNAs are essential for multicellular organisms, influencing development and function.

Research Details

Model Organism: C. elegans, a small roundworm.
Focus: Studied mutant strains lin-4 and lin-14 to understand genetic program activation.
Victor’s Findings: Lin-4 gene produces a short RNA that inhibits lin-14.
Gary’s Findings: Regulation of lin-14 occurs at the protein production stage, not just at mRNA production.
Breakthrough: Lin-4 microRNA binds to lin-14 mRNA, preventing protein production, leading to a new understanding of gene regulation.

2024 Nobel Prize in Physics

Winners: John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton
Contribution: Foundational discoveries in machine learning through artificial neural networks.
Overview:
John Hopfield: Developed associative memory for pattern recognition in data.
Geoffrey Hinton: Invented methods for autonomous data property identification, crucial for image analysis and more.

2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Winners:
David Baker (University of Washington, Seattle, USA): Recognized for innovative computational protein design.
Demis Hassabis and John M. Jumper (Google DeepMind, London, UK): Jointly recognized for groundbreaking AI-based protein structure prediction.

Discovery Focus

Proteins: Essential components of all living organisms, controlling vital chemical reactions.
Importance: Proteins consist of 20 amino acids; their functions are determined by their unique three-dimensional structures.

2024 Nobel Prize in Literature

Winner: Han Kang (South Korea)
Contribution: Known for intense poetic prose that addresses historical traumas and human fragility, notably through her acclaimed novel The Vegetarian, which explores themes of autonomy and societal expectations.

2024 Nobel Peace Prize

Winner: Nihon Hidankyo (Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors)
Recognition: Awarded for efforts towards a nuclear-free world and educating about the horrors of nuclear weapons through survivor testimonies.

Background on Hibakusha

Role: Survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki who advocate for disarmament and share their stories to raise awareness about the impact of nuclear weapons.
Global Movement: Their testimonies have contributed to the establishment of a moral stigma against the use of nuclear weapons.

RBI Monetary Policy Meeting

Repo Rate: Unchanged at 6.5% for the tenth consecutive time.
Policy Stance: Shifted from “withdrawal of accommodation” to a “neutral” position, allowing flexibility in future rate adjustments.
Inflation Forecast: Projected at 4.5% for FY25; 4.8% in Q3 and 4.2% in Q4.
GDP Growth Estimate: Maintained at 7.2% for FY25.

70th National Film Awards (2022)

Ceremony Date: October 8, 2024, held at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.
Notable Winners:
Best Feature Film: Aattam (The Play)
Best Actor: Rishab Shetty for Kantara
Best Actress: Nithya Menen for Thiruchitrambalam and Manasi Parekh for Kutch Express
Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Mithun Chakraborty
Best Film: Ponniyin Selvan I, with AR Rahman winning for Best Music Direction.

National Affairs

Rooftop Solar Power Plants: Union Minister Shri Satish Chandra Dubey inaugurated 51 rooftop solar power plants in Ranchi, totaling 2.428 MW, as part of a sustainability initiative by Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL).

Banjara Virasat Museum: Prime Minister Narendra Modi opened the Banjara Virasat Museum in Maharashtra, showcasing the Banjara community’s heritage across 13 galleries. He also announced agricultural and animal husbandry initiatives worth ₹23,300 crore.

Bilateral Investment Treaty with UAE: India signed a BIT with the UAE to enhance investor confidence, reducing the arbitration period for disputes from five to three years. The treaty, effective from August 31, 2024, broadens investment protections.
National Maritime Heritage Complex: The Union Cabinet approved the development of the NMHC at Lothal, Gujarat, in two phases, to promote India’s maritime heritage.
Indian Institute of Skills: PM Modi inaugurated the IIS in Mumbai to improve youth employability, focusing on Industry 4.0 technologies.

ESIC Medical Colleges: The government announced 10 new ESIC medical colleges and extended the unemployment allowance scheme under the Atal Beemit Vyakti Kalyan Yojana until June 2026.

Textiles Sector Growth: India’s Ready-Made Garments exports grew by 11% year-on-year, with projections for the textiles sector to reach USD 350 billion by 2030.
‘Study in India’ Campaign: Launched at the International Education Show in Sharjah, this campaign aims to attract international students to Indian universities.

States in the News

Mahakumbh 2025 Logo: UP Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath unveiled the new logo for Mahakumbh 2025, recognized as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.

Nijut Moina Scheme: Assam’s CM Himanta Biswa Sarma initiated financial assistance to combat child marriage, empowering families and young girls.

BC Sakhis in UP: Rural women in UP, known as BC Sakhis, facilitated ₹27,000 crore in transactions over four years, significantly boosting financial inclusion.
‘Sankalp’ Initiative in Himachal Pradesh: CM Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu announced the ‘Sankalp’ initiative to tackle drug trafficking and addiction.
Second Tiger Reserve in Bihar: The central government approved the establishment of Bihar’s second tiger reserve in Kaimur district.

International Affairs

Nepal’s New Chief Justice: President Ramchandra Paudel appointed Prakash Man Singh Raut as the new Chief Justice.
End of Horse Racing in Singapore: After 181 years, Singapore hosted its final race day as the site will be redeveloped for housing.

New Developments in Maldives: A new runway at Hanimadhoo International Airport and the launch of the RuPay card were inaugurated to strengthen India-Maldives ties.

Bangladesh Constitution Reform Commission: An interim government commission was formed to propose constitutional reforms within 90 days.
Kais Saied Reelected in Tunisia: President Kais Saied won a second term with 90.7% of the vote in an election raising concerns among observers.

India Eliminates Trachoma: WHO validated India’s elimination of trachoma as a public health issue, joining a select group of countries that have achieved this milestone.

Pressure on Taiwan: Beijing is reportedly increasing pressure on Taiwan through a strategy referred to as the “Anaconda Strategy.”
UN Human Rights Council Elections: The UNGA elected 18 new members to the Human Rights Council for the 2025-2027 term.

Agreements/MoUs Signed

Financial Aid to Maldives: India signed a $750 million currency swap agreement with the Maldives to help with its foreign exchange crisis.

Books and Authors

Bob Woodward’s New Book: Investigative journalist Bob Woodward is set to release his latest book titled War, which is already impacting the political landscape.

Banking/Economy/Business News

LIC Stake Increase in Bank of Maharashtra: LIC raised its stake in Bank of Maharashtra from 4.05% to 7.10, reflecting confidence in the bank’s growth.

UPI and AANI Interlinking: India and UAE governments are working to interlink UPI and AANI for seamless cross-border transactions.

HDFC Bank Divestment: HDFC Bank sold its 100% stake in HDFC Education and Development Services for ₹192 crore.
Reliance Tira Launch: Reliance launched the luxury skincare brand Augustinus Bader on its beauty platform Tira.
Bank of Baroda Sale in Oman: Bank of Baroda plans to sell its Oman operations to Bank Dhofar as part of a strategy to streamline its foreign business.
IFC and Axis Bank Partnership: IFC partnered with Axis Bank for a $500 million loan to support blue finance and green projects in India.

Pakistan Protests: Widespread protests erupted in Pakistan following a 40% tax increase as part of an IMF bailout deal.

Navy’s MoU with Bajaj Allianz: The Indian Navy signed an MoU with Bajaj Allianz to offer affordable life insurance to naval civilians.
UPI Transaction Growth: UPI transactions surged 52% year-on-year to 78.97 billion in H1 2024, reflecting significant growth in digital payments.
DigiLocker and UMANG Integration: DigiLocker has integrated with the UMANG app to enhance access to government services.

Appointments/Resignations

Sanjeev Kumar Singla appointed as India’s next Ambassador to France.
Sharad Kumar, retired IPS officer, appointed chief of BCCI’s Anti-Corruption Unit.
M. Rajeshwar Rao received a one-year extension as Deputy Governor of RBI.
Air Marshal SP Dharkar became the Vice Chief of the Air Staff.
Manish Tiwary, former Amazon India head, will be the Managing Director of Nestlé India starting August 2025.

Defence News

MALABAR 2024 exercise started in Visakhapatnam, involving India, Australia, Japan, and the USA.
The Indian Air Force celebrated its 92nd anniversary with a major air show in Chennai.
DefConnect 4.0 inaugurated by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh to promote indigenous defence innovation.
The DRDO successfully conducted flight-tests of the VSHORADS missile.
Indian Naval Ships arrived in Muscat, Oman, enhancing maritime cooperation.

Awards and Recognitions

The MIDORI Prize for Biodiversity 2024 awarded to Vera Voronova and Ysabel Agustina Calderón Carlos.
Nobel Prizes awarded in Physics to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton, in Chemistry to David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John M. Jumper, and the Peace Prize to the Japanese organization Nihon Hidankyo.

Summits and Conferences

The WHO’s 77th Regional Committee session commenced in New Delhi with JP Nadda as Chairperson.
The Second Army Commanders’ Conference began in Gangtok, Sikkim.
The ASEAN Summits started in Vientiane, Laos, focusing on connectivity and resilience.

Sports News

Bihar CM unveiled the logo and mascot for the Women’s Asian Champions Trophy 2024.
Dipa Karmakar, renowned gymnast, announced her retirement.
Pankaj Advani won the Songhe Singapore Open title.
Andrés Iniesta announced his retirement from professional football.
Uttarakhand selected to host the 38th Summer National Games in 2025.

Schemes and Committees News

GREEN Meghalaya Plus (GMP) Scheme launched for forest conservation.
Jal-Jagar Mahotsav inaugurated in Chhattisgarh for water conservation.
National Anubhav Awards Scheme launched to honor retiring government employees.
Humsafar Policy introduced to improve national highway travel experiences.
Atal Pension Yojana surpassed 7 crore enrollments, benefiting the underprivileged.
India participated in the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods meeting in Germany.

Science and Technology News

Google for India 2024: Celebrating 20 years in India, Google focused on AI innovations to address local challenges in healthcare, payments, language support, and sustainability.

Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (Lupex): India’s National Space Commission approved this mission in collaboration with Japan’s JAXA to explore the Moon’s resources, particularly water.
Marburg Virus Outbreak in Rwanda: The first cases reported, with 26 cases confirmed, highlighting serious public health concerns due to the virus’s high fatality rate, especially among healthcare workers.

Important Days

World Cotton Day (October 7): Celebrates the importance of cotton beyond textiles, recognizing its role in various industries.
World Cerebral Palsy Day (October 6): Raises awareness about the rights and challenges faced by individuals with CP.
Indian Air Force Day (October 8): Honors the dedication of IAF personnel and their evolution into a significant aerial force.
World Mental Health Day (October 10): Promotes awareness and support for mental health issues globally.
World Post Day (October 9): Celebrates the establishment of the Universal Postal Union and highlights the importance of postal services.

International Day of the Girl Child (October 11): Focuses on recognizing and uplifting girls’ rights and potential, with the theme “Girls’ Vision for the Future.”

National Postal Day (October 10, India): Commemorates the Indian Postal Service and its role in national communication.
World Migratory Bird Day (October 12): Highlights the conservation of migratory birds and their habitats, with the theme “Insects for Birds.”
International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction (October 13): Emphasizes disaster risk mitigation, focusing on education as a vital tool for youth.

Obituaries

Ratan Tata: The former chairman of Tata Sons passed away at 86, leaving a significant legacy in business and philanthropy.

Dr. P. Venugopal: Former Director of AIIMS and renowned cardiac surgeon, passed away at 82.

Miscellaneous News

Hurricane Milton: Threatened the Florida coast as a Category 5 storm, prompting evacuations in Tampa Bay due to predicted heavy rainfall and storm surges.

Nima Rinji Sherpa: At 18, he became the youngest climber to summit all 14 of the world’s 8,000-meter peaks, reaching Shisha Pangma in Tibet.

Tribute to Ratan Tata: Bihar Postal Circle released a special cover to honor his contributions to industry and philanthropy.
MACE Observatory Inauguration: The Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment Observatory was inaugurated in Hanle, Ladakh, marking a milestone in India’s astrophysical research.

Here are the static takeaways organized into a table format for better clarity:

Organization/Country	Headquarters	Head/Leader	Established	Currency	Other Info
Reserve Bank of India (RBI)	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India	Shaktikanta Das (Governor)	April 1, 1935	Indian Rupee (INR)	Central Bank of India
Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL)	Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India	Samiran Dutta (CMD)	January 1972	N/A	Subsidiary of Coal India Limited
Maldives	Malé	Mohamed Muizzu (President)	N/A	Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR)	No Prime Minister
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India	Siddhartha Mohanty (Chairman)	September 1, 1956	N/A	State-owned insurance corporation
Bank of Maharashtra (BoM)	Pune, Maharashtra, India	Nidhu Saxena	September 16, 1935	Indian Rupee (INR)	Tagline: “One Family One Bank”
Bank of Baroda (BoB)	Vadodara, Gujarat, India	Debadatta Chand (MD & CEO)	July 20, 1908	Indian Rupee (INR)	Tagline: “India’s International Bank”
International Finance Corporation (IFC)	Washington, D.C., USA	Makhtar Diop (MD)	July 20, 1956	N/A	Part of the World Bank Group
International Monetary Fund (IMF)	Washington, D.C., USA	Kristalina Georgieva (MD)	December 27, 1945	Special Drawing Rights (SDR)	Global financial organization
Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India	Roger Binny (President)	December 1928	N/A	Governing body for cricket in India
Indian Air Force (IAF)	New Delhi, India	Air Marshal Amar Preet Singh (CAS)	October 8, 1932	N/A	Motto: “Touch the Sky with Glory”
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)	New Delhi, India	Dr. Samir V. Kamat (Chairman)	1958	N/A	Ministry of Defence, India
Peru	Lima	Dina Boluarte (President)	N/A	Peruvian Sol (PEN)	Alberto Otárola (Prime Minister)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)	Jakarta, Indonesia	Kao Kim Hourn (Secretary-General)	August 8, 1967	N/A	10 member countries
Google	Mountain View, California, USA	Sundar Pichai (CEO)	September 4, 1998	N/A	Parent Company: Alphabet Inc.

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